Better running economy (i.e. a lower rate of energy consumption at a given speed) is correlated with superior distance running performance. There is substantial variation in running economy, even among elite runners. This variation might be due to variation in the storage and reutilization of elastic energy in tendons. Using a simple musculoskeletal model, it was predicted that the amount of energy stored in a tendon during a given movement depends more critically on moment arm than on mechanical properties of the tendon, with the amount of stored energy increasing as the moment arm gets smaller. Assuming a link between elastic energy reutilization and overall metabolic cost of running, a smaller moment arm should therefore be associated with superior running economy. This prediction was confirmed experimentally in a group of 15 highly trained runners. The moment arm of the Achilles tendon was determined from standardized photographs of the ankle, using the position of anatomical landmarks. Running economy was measured as the rate of metabolic energy consumption during level treadmill running at a speed of 16 km h
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机译：更好的跑步经济性（即，在给定速度下的能量消耗率更低）与出色的长距离跑步性能相关。即使在精英跑步者中，经济运行也存在很大差异。这种变化可能是由于肌腱中弹性能量的存储和再利用发生变化。使用简单的肌肉骨骼模型，可以预测，在给定运动过程中，存储在肌腱中的能量更多地取决于力矩臂，而不是取决于肌腱的机械特性，并且随着力矩臂变小，所存储的能量会增加。假设弹性能量再利用与跑步的新陈代谢成本之间存在联系，因此，较小的力矩臂应具有优越的跑步经济性。这个预测在一组15位训练有素的跑步者中得到了实验证实。使用解剖标志的位置，根据脚踝的标准化照片确定跟腱的弯矩。以水平跑步机在16 km h的速度下的代谢能量消耗率来衡量跑步的经济性
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